Biochar: Turning forest waste into soil improvement
Brazil is home to vast agricultural lands and some of the world’s most biodiverse forests. However, decades of intensive farming and deforestation have degraded soils, reducing fertility and making ecosystems more vulnerable to drought.
Aperam BioEnergia manages around 126,000 hectares of FSC-certified planted and native forests, which play a vital role in biodiversity conservation and the local economy. Thanks to the project, forestry residues are transformed into biochar – a natural carbon sink that permanently removes CO2 from the atmosphere. The biochar is then used to improve soil quality, enhancing fertility, increasing water retention, and reducing evaporation to support local water cycles. With a production capacity of 40,000 tonnes of CO₂ removal per year, the project makes a significant contribution to climate action.
Beyond environmental benefits, the project strengthens local agriculture. Aperam BioEnergia provides biochar to local farmers through a social development program, helping to improve soil quality and increase crop yields.
The project contributes to the the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals
Charred biomass - biochar - has a long list of benefits that make it a valuable resource for climate action. Not only is biochar a permanent carbon sink, but it can also be used for a variety of applications such as water filtration, medicine, and even as a sustainable building material. As a soil enhancer, it improves the water and nutrient storage capacity of the soil, among other things, resulting in healthier plants and higher yields for farmers. Biochar neutralizes acidic soils where plants would otherwise grow poorly - a problem that is particularly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa. Its structure also prevents fertilizers from leaking into groundwater, and since it can restore fertility to degraded soils, it reduces the need for fertilizers in the long term, enabling sustainable, environmentally friendly agriculture. Biochar is produced by heating biomass in the absence of oxygen to get rid of all volatiles. The remaining material - biochar - is an almost pure carbon structure. Biochar can be made from any organic material, such as field waste, making it a sustainable waste management mechanism. Biochar projects in the ClimatePartner portfolio are registered with international standards
The project aims to contribute to these United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Four criteria for projects to meet quality thresholds
The life cycle of a climate project
A climate project has a set life cycle consisting of various phases, from the feasibility assessment to the retirement of Verified Emission Reductions (VERs).
The project developer reviews the general feasibility of the project, the project design, and the financing. Then, the Project Design Document (PDD) is prepared, which contains all the basic information about the project, such as the objective, location, timeline, and duration.
In this phase, independent auditors examine the PDD and the information it contains. This phase often also involves field visits with on-side interviews and analyses. Auditors are accredited, impartial assessors who have to be approved by the relevant standard as a validation and verification body (VVB). TÜV Nord/Süd, S&A Carbon LLC., and SCS Global Services are examples of VVBs."
Once validated, the project can be registered with a standard such as the Verified Carbon Standard or the Gold Standard. All high-quality climate projects are based on international standards. They provide the framework for project design, construction, carbon accounting, and monitoring. Recognised standards make the climate project system and the projects themselves resilient, traceable, and credible.
After the climate project has been registered, the monitoring begins. Here, the project developers monitor and document the data of the project activities and progress. The duration of the monitoring phase varies from project to project: it can cover two years, but documentation over five or seven years is also possible.
At the end of each monitoring phase, a VVB checks and assesses whether the values and project activities stated in the monitoring report are correct. As with validation, visits to the project site are often part of the verification process.
Once verified, the emission reductions that were confirmed in the verification phase can be issued as VERs. The steps of monitoring, verification, and issuance of VERs are repeated regularly and are therefore considered as a cycle.
Once a VER has been used, it must be retired. This process is also reflected in the registry. If the financing of a climate project is done through ClimatePartner, the VERs are bundled in a system certified by TÜV Austria and then retired on a regular basis. This ensures that each VER can no longer be sold and is only used once, preventing double counting.
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